Minecraft potions come to 19 brewable effect potions as of 5 November 2026, counting Java 26.3 and Bedrock 26.6x, and every one is brewed from a water bottle in a brewing stand. The chart below gives each potion’s ingredient, its effect, and how long it lasts at base, extended and enhanced strength.
Three more potions exist but cannot be brewed, and four cure potions sit outside the standard chart. One newer potion, Freezing, is not in the release builds yet: it belongs to Fourth Drop 2026, which is Java 26.4 and Bedrock 26.70.
Minecraft Potions Master Chart: Ingredient, Effect and Duration
Durations are minutes and seconds. Unless a row says otherwise, you add the ingredient to an awkward potion, which is a water bottle plus nether wart. The last two columns are alternatives rather than steps, because a potion cannot be both extended and enhanced.
| Potion | Ingredient | Effect | Base | Redstone (extended) | Glowstone (Level II) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healing | Glistering melon slice | Restores 4 HP (2 hearts) | Instant | Cannot | Healing II: 8 HP (4 hearts) |
| Fire Resistance | Magma cream | Immune to fire, lava, magma blocks, campfires and blaze fireballs | 3:00 | 8:00 | Cannot |
| Regeneration | Ghast tear | Heals 1 HP every 2.5 seconds | 0:45 | 1:30 Java, 2:00 Bedrock | II: 0:22, 1 HP every 1.25 seconds |
| Strength | Blaze powder | +3 melee damage in Java | 3:00 | 8:00 | II: 1:30, +6 melee damage in Java |
| Swiftness | Sugar | +20% movement and sprint speed | 3:00 | 8:00 | II: 1:30, +40% speed |
| Night Vision | Golden carrot | Everything at light level 15, underwater included | 3:00 | 8:00 | Cannot |
| Invisibility | Fermented spider eye on a Night Vision potion | You vanish, but held items and armour still show | 3:00 | 8:00 | Cannot |
| Water Breathing | Pufferfish | The oxygen bar stops draining | 3:00 | 8:00 | Cannot |
| Leaping | Rabbit’s foot | +50% jump height | 3:00 | 8:00 | II: 1:30, +150% jump height |
| Slow Falling | Phantom membrane | Slow descent, no fall damage | 1:30 | 4:00 | Cannot |
| Turtle Master | Turtle shell | Slowness IV and Resistance III: -60% speed, -60% damage taken | 0:20 | 0:40 | II: 0:20, Slowness VI and Resistance IV (-90% speed, -80% damage taken) |
| Poison | Spider eye | Drains 1 HP every 1.25 seconds but never kills | 0:45 | 1:30 Java, 2:00 Bedrock | II: 0:21 Java, 0:22 Bedrock, 1 HP every 0.6 seconds |
| Weakness | Fermented spider eye on a water bottle, no nether wart | -4 melee damage in Java | 1:30 | 4:00 | Cannot |
| Harming | Fermented spider eye on Healing or Poison | Deals 6 HP (3 hearts) | Instant | Cannot | Harming II: 12 HP (6 hearts) |
| Slowness | Fermented spider eye on Swiftness or Leaping | -15% speed | 1:30 | 4:00 | Slowness IV: 0:20, -60% speed |
| Oozing | Slime block | Two medium slimes spawn when the target dies | 3:00 | Cannot | Cannot |
| Weaving | Cobweb | 2-3 cobwebs spawn when the target dies | 3:00 | Cannot | Cannot |
| Infestation | Stone | 10% chance of silverfish whenever the target is hit | 3:00 | Cannot | Cannot |
| Wind Charging | Breeze rod | A wind burst goes off when the target dies | 3:00 | Cannot | Cannot |
Regeneration II lasts exactly 22.5 seconds, which the chart rounds down to 0:22. Poison II lasts 21.6 seconds in Java and 22.5 seconds in Bedrock. Splash and drinkable versions last the same length of time.
Java and Bedrock agree on every row except four details:
- Extended Regeneration runs 1:30 in Java and 2:00 in Bedrock.
- Extended Poison runs 1:30 in Java and 2:00 in Bedrock.
- Poison II runs 0:21 in Java and 0:22 in Bedrock.
- Strength and Weakness use flat damage numbers in Java (+3 and -4) and percentages in Bedrock.
What Redstone, Glowstone, Gunpowder and Dragon’s Breath Do
Each modifier does one job, and the same item behaves differently on a water bottle than on a finished potion. A water bottle is the start of every recipe, and it also turns dirt into mud if you use it on a dirt block.
| Item | On a water bottle | On a finished potion |
|---|---|---|
| Nether wart | Awkward potion, the base for almost everything | Nothing |
| Redstone dust | Mundane potion, a dead end in Java | Extends the duration |
| Glowstone dust | Thick potion, a dead end in Java | Raises the level to II (IV for Slowness) |
| Fermented spider eye | Potion of Weakness | Corrupts the effect into its opposite |
| Gunpowder | Splash water bottle | Turns the potion into a throwable splash potion |
| Dragon’s breath | Lingering water bottle, made from a splash one | Turns a splash potion into a lingering potion |
Extending multiplies a base time by eight thirds, so 3:00 becomes 8:00, 1:30 becomes 4:00 and 0:20 becomes 0:40. Enhancing usually halves the time, 3:00 falling to 1:30. Turtle Master II and Slowness IV keep 0:20 because they start from a shorter base.
A lingering potion leaves a cloud on the ground, and the effect it hands out lasts a quarter of the drinkable time, so an 8:00 potion shows 2:00. A tipped arrow made from a lingering potion carries one eighth of the drinkable time.
Which Potions Can Be Extended, Enhanced, Both or Neither
Since Java 1.9 a potion takes redstone or glowstone but never both, so every one of the 19 falls into exactly one of four groups.
| Group | Count | Potions |
|---|---|---|
| Extend only | 6 | Fire Resistance, Night Vision, Invisibility, Water Breathing, Slow Falling, Weakness |
| Enhance only | 2 | Healing and Harming, which are instant and have no duration to extend |
| Either, never both | 7 | Regeneration, Strength, Swiftness, Leaping, Poison, Slowness, Turtle Master |
| Neither | 4 | Oozing, Weaving, Infestation, Wind Charging |
The four neither potions are the Trial Chambers set, and redstone or glowstone does nothing to them. Their 3:00 base is the only length you get.
Fermented Spider Eye Results for Every Potion
Fermented spider eye is crafted from a spider eye, a brown mushroom and sugar. Added to a finished potion it corrupts the effect, and the table lists every pairing that works.
| Starting potion | Becomes | Edition | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water bottle | Weakness | Both | Its own recipe, and the only effect potion with no nether wart |
| Healing | Harming | Both | Enhanced Healing gives Harming II |
| Poison | Harming | Both | Extended Poison gives plain Harming; enhanced Poison gives Harming II |
| Swiftness | Slowness | Both | Extended Swiftness gives extended Slowness (4:00); enhanced Swiftness cannot be corrupted |
| Leaping | Slowness | Both | Extended Leaping gives extended Slowness (4:00); enhanced Leaping cannot be corrupted |
| Night Vision | Invisibility | Both | Extended Night Vision gives extended Invisibility (8:00) |
| Awkward, Mundane, Thick or Strength | Weakness | Bedrock only | Strength II becomes regular Weakness |
Nothing happens in either edition if you add it to Fire Resistance, Regeneration, Water Breathing, Slow Falling, Turtle Master, Weakness, Slowness, Harming, Invisibility, Oozing, Weaving, Infestation or Wind Charging. In Java it also does nothing to Strength. Older recipes such as Fire Resistance into Slowness were removed in Java 15w31a.
Cure Potions and the Potions That Cannot Be Brewed
Four cure potions are brewed from an awkward potion and remove one bad effect each when drunk. They exist in Minecraft Education and in Bedrock Edition with the Education features cheat setting switched on, so they do not appear in an ordinary survival world. None can be made splash, lingering, extended or enhanced.
- Antidote cures Poison.
- Elixir cures Weakness.
- Eye drops cures Blindness.
- Tonic cures Nausea.
Three further potions can never be brewed. Luck is Java only and lasts 5:00. Decay is Bedrock only, lasts 0:40 and applies the Wither effect, and it can generate inside swamp hut cauldrons. The uncraftable potion is a Java placeholder. All three arrive through commands or the Creative menu, and the Minecraft commands guide covers the syntax.
Brewing Stand, Fuel and Brew Time
A brewing stand is one blaze rod in the middle with three cobblestone, blackstone or cobbled deepslate blocks along the bottom row. Blaze powder goes in the fuel slot and holds 20 charges, and one blaze rod crafts two blaze powder.
- Each stage takes 20 seconds (400 ticks) and brews up to three bottles at once.
- Fuel is spent per stage, only when a brew starts, so there is no burning timer like a furnace.
- An extended potion is three stages: nether wart, the ingredient, then redstone. Gunpowder makes it four and dragon’s breath makes it five.
- One blaze powder finishes six batches of extended potions, which is 18 bottles with two charges left over.
There is no brewing recipe book in the game. Hoppers can feed ingredients in from the top, bottles and fuel from the side, and pull finished potions out of the bottom.
Where Each Potion Ingredient Comes From
- Nether wart: soul sand gardens in nether fortresses, and bastion remnant courtyards. Plant it on soul sand and each crop yields 2-4.
- Blaze rod and blaze powder: blazes, which spawn in nether fortresses.
- Ghast tear: ghasts drop 0-1 per kill.
- Magma cream: magma cubes, or blaze powder plus a slimeball.
- Glistering melon slice: a melon slice surrounded by eight gold nuggets. It cannot be eaten.
- Golden carrot: a carrot surrounded by eight gold nuggets.
- Rabbit’s foot: rabbits drop it 10% of the time, plus 3% per Looting level.
- Pufferfish: killing one always drops one, and they spawn in warm and lukewarm oceans.
- Phantom membrane: phantoms, which attack after several days without sleep.
- Turtle shell: five turtle scutes make the helmet, and scutes drop when baby turtles grow up.
- Breeze rod: breezes in Trial Chambers.
- Slime block: nine slimeballs. Cobweb: collected with shears from mineshafts, stronghold libraries and trial chambers.
- Redstone, glowstone and gunpowder: redstone ore, glowstone in the Nether and creepers respectively, and witches drop all three.
- Dragon’s breath: an empty glass bottle used on the ender dragon’s breath cloud.
Several of these are the same trip. A Nether fortress run covers wart, blaze rods and ghast tears in one go. None of it needs a mod, though the best Minecraft mods list is the place to look if you want to go beyond the vanilla recipes.
The Potions Added Since Trial Chambers and the One Still Coming
Trial Chambers arrived in Java 1.21 and Bedrock 1.21.0 on 13 June 2024 and brought four potions: Infestation, Oozing, Weaving and Wind Charging. Each has a matching tipped arrow. Slimes are immune to Oozing, and silverfish are immune to Infested.
Java 26.3 “Wilderness Bound” on 15 September 2026 changed no recipes. Its third snapshot made brewing data-driven, so data packs can add their own brewing recipes, and its first snapshot put Swiftness, Healing, Leaping and Night Vision potions into abandoned camp chests.
Potion of Freezing is upcoming and cannot be brewed in the release builds. It appears in Java 26.4 snapshots and in Bedrock 26.60 behind the “Drop 4 of 2026” experimental toggle, and it becomes standard with Fourth Drop 2026, due in Q4 2026. It is brewed from an Ice Ball, lasts 0:45 or 1:30 extended, and leather armour negates it.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many potions are there in Minecraft?
You can brew 19 effect potions in Java 26.3 and Bedrock 26.6x. They sit on top of three base potions (Awkward, Mundane and Thick), and Luck, Decay and the uncraftable potion cannot be brewed at all.
How long do Minecraft potions last?
Most last 3:00 at base strength and 8:00 extended. Slow Falling, Weakness and Slowness start at 1:30 and extend to 4:00, and Regeneration and Poison start at 0:45.
Can you make a Minecraft potion without nether wart?
Only Weakness, which is a water bottle plus a fermented spider eye. In Bedrock, a Mundane or Thick potion can also become Weakness. Every other effect potion needs an awkward potion.
Can you get potions without brewing them?
Yes. A witch drops a Healing, Fire Resistance, Swiftness or Water Breathing potion 8.5% of the time in Java and 25% in Bedrock if you kill it mid-drink. A wandering trader sells an extended Invisibility potion for 5 emeralds, and the cleric in villager trades works at a brewing stand.
Related Articles
Get the Fox Bulletin briefing
The stories that matter, in your inbox. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Newsletter signup will be available soon.
Related stories
Fortnite Festival: Modes, Music Pass and What Epic Cut
What Fortnite Festival is on 5 November 2026: Main Stage and Jam Stage, the removed Battle Stage, how songs are kept, and what the Music Pass costs.
LEGO Fortnite Modes: Odyssey, Brick Life and Islands
LEGO Fortnite is a hub of separate experiences. Here is what Odyssey, Brick Life and LEGO Islands do, how they differ, and which one to start with.
Fortnite Crew: What You Get and What You Keep If You Cancel
What Fortnite Crew includes at $11.99 a month on 5 November 2026, what Epic changes on 5 December 2026, and exactly what stays yours if you cancel.